Financing a dispensary or other business in the cannabis industry is challenging but not impossible. Here's what you need to know about getting cannabis business loans.
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Medical and recreational marijuana has been legalized in states across the nation, but it is still illegal under federal law. These laws make it more difficult for owners of cannabis dispensaries to receive traditional funding to cover operating expenses or to scale their businesses.
Even though financing may be limited, it is possible to get a cannabis loan for your existing dispensary or startup business. Find out what funding options are available in this high-risk industry and how to get funds for your business.
Why Are Cannabis Business Loans Different From Other Types Of Business Funding?
Finding funding for any business is no easy task, but it’s even more difficult to find capital for a marijuana dispensary. In addition to finding a lender with the best rates and terms, navigating the application and underwriting process, gathering documentation, and waiting for weeks to receive their funds, dispensary owners also face additional challenges.
Federal Laws Against Marijuana
Even though more states are legalizing marijuana, it remains illegal under federal law. Most lenders want to avoid the potential legal repercussions of working with businesses in the cannabis industry, as these businesses are considered high-risk.
Even checking accounts, savings accounts, and payment processing for cannabis dispensaries is a hassle, while receiving financing through traditional lenders is nearly impossible.
Additional Costs For Dispensaries
If you do find a financial institution that will allow you to open accounts, there are many associated costs, including fees for background checks and for regular reports to the Treasury Department’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network.
These costs (as well as ordinary operating expenses) pile up quickly, but due to legal issues, traditional financing is often not an option. Therefore, cannabis dispensaries either have to make enough capital on their own to keep the business moving forward, or these business owners have to seek out other means of financing.
Can I Get A Cannabis Loan From A Bank?
Banks are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. A bank that works with companies that violate federal law (such as dispensaries) will not be insured by the FDIC. Instead of taking on this risk, most banks simply avoid working with businesses in the cannabis industry.
There are also potential legal issues that banks face when working with cannabis businesses. A bank could potentially be charged with money laundering for accepting deposits from a marijuana dispensary. Although the odds of this law being enforced are slim, lenders don’t want to take that risk.
For those reasons, most banks will not loan money to businesses in the cannabis industry.
Can Dispensaries Get SBA Loans?
Business owners who don’t qualify for traditional bank loans may qualify for Small Business Administration (SBA) loans.
Unfortunately, businesses in the cannabis industry are unable to take advantage of these low-interest, long-term loans due to a policy that went into effect on April 3, 2018. This policy prohibits SBA intermediary lenders from providing loans to businesses in the marijuana and hemp industries.
Though this news may be understandably frustrating if you’re seeking an affordable loan, there are financing options available to you. You just won’t find them at a bank or through the SBA.
The Best Cannabis Loans For Dispensaries
Alternative lenders have made it possible for dispensaries and other businesses in the cannabis industry to obtain funding. While rates and terms may not be as favorable as traditional financing, solid revenues and a high credit score can help you score affordable loans to fund operations or expansion of your business.
Here’s a breakdown of loan options that may be available through alternative lenders.
Short-Term Loans
When you receive a short-term loan, you’ll receive one lump sum that can be used for any business purpose, such as:
- Working capital
- Purchasing equipment
- Hiring new employees
Short-term loans generally have short repayment terms of two years or less and are repaid on a daily, weekly, or monthly schedule. In most cases, short-term loans do not have a traditional interest rate but instead use a factor rate as set by the lender. This rate is based on factors such as business performance and your credit history.
Consider using a short-term loan if you need a lump sum of cash quickly, as some lenders provide funding in as little as 24 hours.
Equipment Financing
With equipment financing, you can purchase equipment for your cannabis business, including things like:
- Commercial vehicles
- Point of sale systems
- Furniture
- Store fixtures
There are two types of equipment financing to consider:
- Equipment loans: Payments are made regularly to pay off the principal balance, interest, and fees. Once all payments have been made, the equipment is yours to keep.
- Equipment leases: Payments are made during the lease period. Once the lease period ends, you can pay off the remaining balance to purchase the equipment or return the equipment and sign a new lease.
Equipment financing is ideal for businesses that need to purchase equipment. Requirements such as credit score and time in business are usually more lenient with this type of funding.
Business Lines Of Credit
Similar to short-term loans, lines of credit can be used for any business purpose, including operating expenses and emergencies. However, you will have a set credit limit that you can draw from as needed instead of receiving a lump sum. Funding is also quick, as you can initiate a draw and see funds hit your account the next business day.
With a line of credit, interest or a fixed fee will only be charged on the borrowed amount. Even if you have credit challenges, you may qualify for a line of credit. Some lenders base their approvals solely on cash flow and other performance factors.
Merchant Cash Advances
When you take a merchant cash advance, you agree to sell future revenue to the lender. The lender pays you a lump sum amount, and a factoring fee (and potentially other fees) is added to the amount of the loan. Funds can be used for nearly any business purpose.
Merchant cash advances offer fast funding but often come with high interest rates and short repayment terms. Most lenders take payments daily, while others may have weekly or monthly schedules. Payments may be fixed, or they may be based on a specific percentage of your sales. For these reasons, MCAs work best for newer businesses, borrowers with poor credit, and borrowers who don’t qualify for other loan options.
Personal Loans For Business
If you have a solid credit score and steady income, you may qualify for a personal loan for business. This option is especially appealing for startups because revenue, time in business, and business credit scores aren’t used for credit approval.
However, you do have to disclose how the funds will be used. Some lenders may not loan money due to the industry you’re in, so you may have to shop around for a lender willing to work with your situation.
Business Credit Cards
A business credit card is best for:
- Recurring expenses
- Emergencies
- Startup costs
The best small business credit cards have low rates and are reserved for borrowers with good to excellent credit. Business credit cards for bad credit are also available, although your credit limit will be lower, interest rates are higher, and you may only qualify for a secured card.
Alternative Funding Sources For Dispensaries & Cannabis Businesses
If you own or plan to open a dispensary, sometimes you have to get a little creative when it comes to funding. Look beyond the more traditional sources of funding and consider raising capital through one of these methods.
Equity Financing For Marijuana Dispensaries
With equity financing, an investor or group of investors will provide you with capital in exchange for ownership interest in your business.
The benefit of equity financing is that you won’t have to pay interest, fees, or loan payments. The drawback is that you are giving up ownership, and in some cases, the investor may be able to have a say in the operations of your business. Once your business becomes profitable and successful, your investor will be able to take a percentage of your profits for the life of your business, unless you buy them out.
Crowdfunding For Cannabis Businesses
With the rapid growth of the internet, crowdfunding has become a popular option for many small businesses, even those in controversial industries.
Crowdfunding is a way to raise money from multiple investors in exchange for equity or rewards. With crowdfunding, you’ll promote your campaign online by sharing with friends and family and posting links to social media. Anyone can donate to help you reach your fundraising goal.
There are two types of crowdfunding campaigns:
- Equity crowdfunding: Equity in your business is given up in exchange for investments
- Non-equity crowdfunding: Rewards or benefits are given in exchange for investments
The tricky part of crowdfunding is that marijuana dispensaries are prohibited from posting on many of the most popular crowdfunding platforms. However, there are a few platforms that allow businesses in the cannabis industry to launch and promote campaigns, such as Arcview Capital.
How To Apply For A Cannabis Loan
Ready to get the funding you need for your cannabis business? Here’s what you need to know before you submit loan applications.
Choose The Type Of Loan You Need For Your Business
Before applying for funding, you’ll need to determine what type of loan you need. Start by deciding how funds will be used. If you need a flexible option that gives you access to cash as needed, consider applying for a line of credit or business credit card. If you need a specific amount to cover an expense, short-term loans, MCAs, or personal loans for business may be what you need. Don’t forget to consider alternative funding sources like crowdfunding.
Your credit score may impact your ability to receive certain loans, so make sure to pull your free credit score online to make sure you qualify.
Decide How Much Money To Borrow For Your Business
You’ll also need to determine how much money you need for your business. If you operate an existing business, you can research costs online, get quotes and estimates from vendors, or use your payroll and financial records to calculate how much extra capital you need.
If you’re seeking a startup loan to launch a dispensary or cannabis business, estimating costs can be a little trickier.
How Much Does It Cost To Open A Dispensary?
Cannabis businesses have many of the same expenses as any other startup business, with a few added expenses since this is still such a new and controversial industry. Some expenses that you should expect upfront include:
- Licenses & permits: Application and licensing fees range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand. In the early stages of planning your business, make sure to learn about the laws, requirements, and fees specific to your state.
- Commercial property: Because you’ll operate a storefront, you’ll need to rent, lease, or purchase commercial space. You will also need to pay for utilities, and remodeling costs may also need to be considered.
- Inventory: Inventory is one of your most important expenses and will be a recurring cost.
- Employee expenses: Onboarding, training, and paying employees add to your expenses. Research pay rates in your area to get an idea of potential costs.
- POS system: A dispensary will require a cannabis POS system with features like built-in verification, inventory management, compliance systems, and integrations. Keep in mind the associated costs, including payment processing, hardware, software, integrations, and add-ons.
- Equipment: Additional equipment may be needed for your business, including furniture, fixtures, and a high-tech security system.
When planning how to fund these expenses, there are a few financing options to explore. One option may work well to best fit your needs, or you may consider combining a few options to fully fund your startup business.
Research Cannabis Lenders
Many lenders have restrictions on lending to dispensaries. Before applying, make sure that you choose a lender that offers high-risk loans to businesses in the cannabis industry.
Gather Your Documentation For A Cannabis Loan
Documentation and information requirements vary by lender and the type of loan you choose. In general, expect to provide:
- Personal information including your Social Security number & contact information
- Business information including your business address & federal tax ID
- Business licenses & permits
- Business & personal bank statements
- Financial documents including P&L statements, income statements, & balance sheets
- Business plan
Fill Out & Submit Loan Applications
Once you’ve completed the previous steps, you’re ready to complete and submit applications to lenders. Make sure that all forms are filled out correctly and that you keep in touch with your lender throughout the process to speed up funding. Don’t forget to read your contracts carefully and compare your options whenever possible to ensure you get the best loan for your cannabis business. Good luck!